4. A sonnet is a fourteen-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully patterned rhyme scheme. The Italian, or Petrarchan sonnet, was introduced into English poetry by Sir Thomas Wyatt. Its fourteen lines break into an octave, which usually rhymes abbaabba, and a sestet, which may rhyme cdecde or cdcdcd, cdcdee, cdeced The English or Shakespearean sonnet, developed first by Earl of Surrey, consists of three quatrains and a couplet--that is, it rhymes abab cdcd efef gg. The Italian form, separate into parts, usually projects and develops a subject in the octave, then executes a turn at the beginning of the sestet, which means that release the tension built up in the octave. In ‘my galley’, thomas waytt uses metaphor and personification to lead out inaccessible love and unattainable lady which make lover suffer. The lover, as 'galley', as vessel, fully loaded - with forgetfulness, sails through sharp seas in winter nights. The cause of such great ambivalence in the poet, something both desired and feared, both enemy and lord. In the second sestet lines 7 and 10 indicate stress on the galley; these lines bracket the mistress's emotional symptoms - forced sighs, tears, fearfulness, and a cloud of dark disdain'. But he surrounded by error and ignorance his lady's eyes, which previously had led him on, are hidden now as he rails against them as stars relied upon for navigation. In the last line, he is giving in to his grief.  Reason, his lady's good judgment, which should have comforted him, is drowned in the storm of her emotions, and the lover despairs of shelter and refuge. In English form introduces an idea in the first quatrain, complicates it in the following, and resolves the whole thing in the final couplet. You can see how this form would attract writers who are fascinated with intellectual puzzles and haunted by the complexity of human emotions, which become especially tangled. Take ‘the soote season’ for example, the first thirteen lines of the sonnet leads the reader through the pleasant changes of season. It is also interesting to note the use of the word "springs" in lines 5 and 14. Surrey uses the word as a verb to draw forth the contrast between rejoicing seasons and his sorrow. In the last line, he spends a few poetic feet describe his sorrow. ‘Each care decays, and yet my sorrow spring’ Surrey uses so understated that is holds great value by hit us with a powerful and sorrowful afterthought. Surrey skillfully tucks his sorrows away at the end of his sonnet, causing the reader to scan the entire poem again to look for some sort of hint at the forthcoming lamentation. It strongly contrasts between the nature and himself by describing the beautiful events surrounding him in nature, but none of them can comfort him because everything around him is happy but he is not.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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