情態副詞定義
1.用來描述動詞如何進行,說明如何做某事,或某事如何發生。
He passed the test easily.(他輕易地通過考試。)情態副詞easily用來描述動詞如何進行考試
She sat on the chair quietly.(她靜靜地坐在椅子上。)情態副詞quietly用來描述動詞sat
2.「情態副詞」與形容詞的不同
情態副詞用來描述動詞→ He works hard. → hard 描述 work →努力地工作
形容詞用來描述名詞 → He is a hard worker. → hard 描述 worker →勤奮工作的人
如何形成副詞
1. 大部分是在形容詞之後加上 -ly
規 則 |
例 字 |
||
1. 直接在字尾加 -ly |
beautiful → beautifully |
polite → politely |
safe → safely |
2. 字尾有 -y,去 -y 加 -ily |
busy → busily |
easy → easily |
happy → happily |
3. 字尾為 -le,去 -e 加 -y |
comfortable→ comfortably |
simple → simply |
terrible → terribly |
4. 字尾為 -ue,去 -e 加 -ly |
true → truly |
||
5. 字尾為 -ll,直接加 -y |
full → fully |
2.形容詞與副詞同形:early、fast、hard、late。
It’s early morning.(現在是清晨。) I arrived early.(我早到了。)
3.形容詞改副詞不規則變化:good → well。
He is a good baseball player.(他是個不錯的棒球選手。)
He plays baseball well.(他棒球打得不錯。)
有些字雖然是 -ly 結尾,但並不是副詞,而是形容詞,如:friendly(友善的)、lonely(寂寞的)、lovely(可愛的)、ugly(醜陋的)。
情態副詞的位置
(1)副詞字尾是 ly
1.通常置於動詞後,修飾動詞。 My father drives carefully.(我爸爸開車很小心。)
2.有時置於形容詞前,修飾形容詞。Sally is truly beautiful.(Sally真的很美麗。)
3.有時放在句子前,修飾整個句子。Luckily, he won the game.(幸運地,他贏了這場比賽。)
(2)副詞和形容詞同形及不規則變化者
(僅能放在動詞之後)
Tom goes to school early.(Tom很早去上學。)
Judy studies English well.(July的英文讀得很好。)
(3)不要放在「介系詞+受詞」或「動詞+受詞」之間
(1) He angrily looked at me. = He looked at me angrily.= He looked angrily at me.
【╳】He looked at angrily me.→不可放在「介系詞+受詞」之間(他生氣地看著我。)
(2)He helped the old man happily.= He happily helped the old man.
【╳】He helped happily the old man.→不可放在「動詞+受詞」之間(他開心地幫助那個老人。)
可用來修飾動詞,但連綴動詞之後卻不可只接副詞。
副詞的比較級與最高級
副詞與形容詞一樣,亦有比較級與最高級,規則如下
|
規則 |
原級 |
比較級 |
最高級 |
規則變化 |
與形容詞同形、字尾不是 -ly 的副詞,變化規則同形容詞的比較級與最高級 |
fast |
faster |
fastest |
late |
later |
latest |
||
early |
earlier |
earliest |
||
字尾為 -ly,直接在副詞前加 more / most |
beautifully |
more beautifully |
most beautifully |
|
不規則變化 |
有些副詞變成比較級和最高級時,會連原來的樣子都改變,須熟記 |
well |
better |
best |
badly |
worse |
worst |
||
much |
more |
most |
The boy felt angry.→ angry為形容詞,用來修飾當主詞的名詞The boy (那男孩感到生氣。)
【╳】The boy felt angrily.→ angrily為副詞,不可以用來修飾當主詞的名詞The boy
The boy felt truly angry.→ truly雖為副詞,但於此句中是用來修飾形容詞angry,非修飾名詞The boy 。(那男孩感到很生氣。)
情態副詞比較級與最高級文法
原級 |
A+動詞+as+原級副詞+as+B. |
比較級 |
A+動詞+副詞比較級+than+B. |
最高級 |
A+動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+in / of+範圍. |
比較級:A + 動詞 + 情態副詞比較級 + than + B(A做某事比B更……)
Sandy sings more beautifully than Amy.(Sandy歌唱得比Amy優美。)
最高級:A + 動詞 + the + 情態副詞最高級 + in + 範圍(A做某事最……)
A + 動詞 + the + 情態副詞最高級 + of the + three…(三以上的數字)
A + 動詞 + the + 情態副詞最高級 + of all the + 複數名詞
Sandy sings the most beautifully of all the girls.(Sandy是所有女孩中歌唱得最優美的)
情態副詞練習題
1. Trains run ( fast / faster / the fastest ) than bikes.
2. The boy shouted ( loud / louder / the most loudly ) in the gym, and I couldn’t hear
anything else.
3. My mother drives ( carefully / more carefully / the most carefully ) than my father.
4. You look ( more beautiful / more beautifully / the most beautiful ) in a skirt than in pants.
5. Ann skis ( well / better / the best ) than her brother, so she will teach him to ski.
Ans: 1.faster 2.the most loudly 3.more carefully 4.more beautifully 5. better
( C ) 1. Molly did ______ among(在……之中)all the players, so she won first prize(獎). (A) well (B) better (C) the best (D) good
all為三者以上,因此為最高級
( B ) 2. No one can sing as____as Lily. (A) good(B) well (C) heavy (D) better
1. I packed my schoolbag ________ (quick). 我快速的打包書包。
2. Cindy can play the guitar ________ (good). Cindy吉他彈得好
3. The student ran ________ (fast) to catch the bus. 學生快跑去趕公車。
4. Ray walked _________ (slow) because his leg hurt. Ray走路慢因為他腳受傷。
5. Peggy and I arrived home________ (safe) after the party.
Peggy和我在派對結束後安全到家。
6. Erica seldom laughs ______________( crazy) Erica很少瘋狂地笑。
7. They set up camp __________. (quick) 他們很快速地架好帳篷。
8.Doris ________ (sing) __________(loud) this morning. Doris 今天早上大聲地唱歌。
9. Amy ________(move) the box _______ (slow) last night. Amy昨晚緩慢地移動箱子。
10.Please don’t walk too __________(fast). 請不要走太快。
11.Louis ________ (speak) English __________ (good).Louis英文說得很好。
12.Jeff _______(work) _________ (hard) every day. Jeff 每天都努力工作。
13.Carrie _______ (go) home ________ (late) last Friday. Carrie上周五晚回家。
14 Look! / The plane ________(be) _______(fly) ________(high) in the sky.
看!飛機正在空中高飛。
Ans:1.quickly 2.well 3.fast 4. slowly 5.safely 6.crazily 7.quickly 8.sang loudly 9.moved slowly 10.fast 11. speaks well 12.works hard 13. went late 14. is flying high
歷屆會考試題
( D ) 1. Please speak _______ to those children with hearing problems so that they can read your lips
(嘴脣)more easily and understand(了解)better. 【99-2-8】 (A) honestly(誠實地) (B) politely(有禮貌地) (C) quietly (D) slowly
( D ) 2. Although(雖然)Mrs. Brown told her son to hurry up, the little boy still walked _____
behind her. 【96-1-4】 (A) finally (B) lately (C) really (D) slowly ( B ) 3. All the packages(包裹)are _________checked at the airport(機場)to keep everyone safe.(A) careful (B) carefully (C) more careful (D) the most careful 【95-1-13】
( C ) 4. Simon is an interesting person. He gets excited(興奮的)______. (A) easy (B) easier (C) easily (D) easiest
( C ) 5. The old man is looking at his granddaughter _______. He has not seen her for a long time.
(A) happy (B) happier (C) happily (D) the happiest 【92-1-6】
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