助動詞總整理 :

shall, should

(1) shall的用法:

①表禁止、命令、必須。

 

You shall do as I say. He shall be punished.

(你應該依照我所說的做。他應該被處罰。)

②用於第一人稱或第三人稱疑問句，表徵求對方的意見。

Shall I answer the telephone for you? = Do you want me to answer...?

(我需要幫你接電話嗎?)

Shall I make the bed for you? 我需要幫你鋪床嗎?

3表邀請：

Shall we dance? 我們一起跳舞吧!

(2) should的用法:

①表義務和必然(obligation =ought to )

You should finish your work on time.(你應該準時完成工作)

They shouldn’t lie to you. (他們不該對你說謊)

②在名詞子句中表感情，說話者認為有「應該如此」或「難以相信」等意思。

It is surprising that Tim should lose the game.

 

(Tim 竟然輸了，真是令人驚訝。)

③用於假設法未來式的I子句中,作「萬一」解。

If you should change your mind, please let us know.

(如果你改變心意，請讓我知道。)

should have +p.p."表「過去應該做而未做」

You should have passed the exam, but you didn’t.

(你應該已經通過考試，但你沒有。)

(3) will 的用法:

①表意願(willingness)

Will you have another cup of coffee ? 你想要再來一杯咖啡嗎?

②表預測

The game will be finished by now.目前為止比賽應該已經結束了。

(4)would的用法:

①表意願(willingness)

Would you excuse me?[比will 客氣〕

②表過去不規則的習慣(cf.used to)

 

Sometimes the boys would play a trick on their teacher.

would that = I wish that 表所望、決心或意向

Would that I were young again.

(真希望我可以再年經一次)→與現在事實相反，使用過去式。

Would that I knew the answer.

(真希望我知道答案。)

 

would (should) like to +V "願..." ; Would you like~?表請客之意Would you like to have lunch with me ?

He would like to go biking with Helen.(他想要與Helen一起去騎腳踏車)

 

 

 

 

 

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