一、定義
「形容詞最高級」是用來比較三個或三個以上的人、事或物。
例:(1) The cat is the cutest of all his pets.(那隻貓是他所有寵物中最可愛的。)
一隻貓 特色比較 某人的所有寵物(有三隻或三隻以上)
(2) The car is the most expensive of all the cars in the shop.
一輛車 價格比較 店裡所有的車(有三輛或三輛以上)
(那輛車是店裡所有的車中最昂貴的。)
二、形容詞最高級的形成
1. 規則變化
規則 |
原級 |
最高級 |
|
單音節 |
字尾直接加 -est |
long(長的) |
longest |
字尾為不發音e,直接加 -st |
nice(好的) |
nicest |
|
字尾為「短母音+單子音」, 重複字尾子音字母再加 -est |
big(大的) |
biggest |
|
字尾為「子音+y」,去字尾 -y 加 -iest |
dry(乾的) |
driest |
|
雙音節 |
字尾為「子音+y」,去字尾 -y 加 -iest |
busy(忙碌的) |
busiest |
直接在形容詞前加most |
handsome(英俊的) |
most handsome |
|
多音節 |
三個音節以上,在形容詞前加most |
beautiful(美麗的) |
most beautiful |
2. 不規則變化
有些形容詞變成最高級時,會連原來的樣子都改變,稱為不規則變化,這些形容詞須熟記。
例:
(1) good → best (2) bad → worst
(3) many / much → most (4) little → least
(5) far → farthest / furthest (6) old → oldest / eldest
3. 有些雙音節形容詞,字尾直接加 -est ,也可在字前加 most 來形成最高級。
例:(1) quiet → quietest / most quiet
(2) polite → politest / most polite
(3) simple → simplest / most simple
(4) common → commonest / most common
補充
___________
1. eldest 用在指家庭關係中兄、姐、長子、長女等關係,且用在名詞之前:
例:(1) eldest / oldest brother(長兄)
(2) eldest / oldest son(長子)
→ 使用比較級elder / older時,表示家中有兩個兒子或女兒;
使用最高級eldest / oldest時,表示家中有三個或三個以上的兒子或女兒。
2. late的最高級latest意為「最遲的、最新的」,表示時間上較近發生的。而last解釋為「最後面的」,表示在順序上最後面的。
例:(1) Giddens’ latest novel is very popular.
(九把刀最新的小說非常受歡迎。)
(2) December is the last month of a year.
(十二月是一年的最後一個月。)
3. farthest 與 furthest 在最高級中,若指的是實際距離上的「最遠」,意思相同:
例:(1) farthest / furthest market(最遠的市場)→ farthest / furthest 為形容詞
(2) jump the farthest / jump the furthest(跳得最遠)→ farthest / furthest 為副詞
三、結構
1. 基本句型:「名詞+be動詞+the+形容詞最高級(+名詞)+介系詞片語.」。
(1) 做比較時,通常會有指定的對象或範圍,故會在形容詞最高級之前加上 the,以點出對象
或範圍內「最……」的那一個。
(2)「介系詞片語」通常是要用來做比較的「指定對象或範圍」。
(3) 若比較的對象明確,形容詞最高級後面的名詞可以省略。
例:1 Amy is the tallest (student) in her class.(Amy是她班上身高最高的學生。)
→ 因為比較特質(身高)與對象(同一個班上的學生)明確,所以student可省略。
2.The blue pen is the cheapest of the three.(這枝藍色原子筆是三枝筆中最便宜的。)
→ 因為比較對象(pen)明確,而且主詞中已經有pen,所以最高級形容詞後面的
名詞pen省略,以避免重複。
˙填充式翻譯
1. 這部電影是所有電影中最有趣的。
The movie is the most interesting of all.
2. 林志玲是那四個人當中最高的。
Chi-ling Lin is the tallest of the four.
3. Justin的歌是所有歌曲中最特別的。
Justin’s songs are the saddest of all.
4. 她是這五個女孩中最悲傷的。
She is the saddest girl of the five.
5. Paul是所有人之中最聰明的。
Paul is the smartest of all.
6. 卡片、鮮花與巧克力,哪一樣最昂貴?
Which is the expensive: a card, flowers, or chocolate?
7. 姚明是這支籃球隊當中最高的球員。
Yao Ming is the tallest player on the basketball team.
8. Susan是表演中最胖的歌手。
Susan is the fattest singer in the show.
9. 大衛‧貝克漢是英國最英俊的足球員。
David Beckham is the most handsome soccer player in the UK.
10.鯨魚是全世界體型最大的動物。
A whale is the largest animal in the world.
11.螞蟻是所有(昆蟲)當中最忙碌的。
Ants are the busiest of all.
1. The building is very tall. It is the tallest in the world.
2. Today is a happy day. In fact, it is the happiest day of my life.
3. Vivian is a popular singer. She is the most singer in the country.
4. The black jacket is expensive. It is the most expensive of the five.
2. What is+the+形容詞最高級+名詞+介系詞片語?
例:What is the largest city in the world?
(哪一個城市是世界上最大的城市?)
3. Which (one) is+the+形容詞最高級, A, B, or C?
例:Which (one) is the smartest, Helen, Mary, or Lucy?
(Helen、Mary和Lucy哪一個最聰明?)
四、比較級與最高級的互換句型
「名詞+be 動詞+the+形容詞最高級+名詞+介系詞片語.」
→「名詞+be動詞+形容詞比較級+than+any other+單數名詞+介系詞片語.」(排除自己)
→「名詞+be動詞+形容詞比較級+than+all the other+複數名詞+介系詞片語.」
___________
※ 三個句型的主要意思雷同。
例:(1) Tina is the thinnest girl in my class.(Tina是我班上最瘦的女孩。)
→ Tina is thinner than any other girl in my class.(Tina比我班上任何一個女孩還瘦。)
→ Tina is thinner than all the other girls in my class.(Tina比我班上所有其他女孩還瘦。)
※ 三句都表示「Tina是我班上最瘦的女孩」。
(2) The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.(藍鯨是世界上最大型的動物。)
→ The blue whale is larger than any other animal in the world.
(藍鯨比世界上任何一種動物還大。)
→ The blue whale is larger than all the other animals in the world.
(藍鯨比世界上所有其他動物還大。)
※ 三句都表示「藍鯨是世界上最大型的動物」。
五、與最高級並用的慣用語
by far(顯然;非常地)
例:The turtle is by far the oldest animal in the zoo.
(那烏龜顯然是動物園中年紀最大的動物。)
一、文法選擇
( A ) 1. Mr.Chen just won the lottery(中樂透)! He is the man in the world.
(A) luckiest (B) luckily (C) luckier (D) lucky
( D ) 2. Nancy is player on the school baskball team.
(A) good (B) better (C) a best (D) the best
( C ) 3. Kevin studies five subjects at school. Math is subject for him.
(A) difficult (B) most difficult (C) the most difficult (D) the more difficult
( B ) 4. is the longest river in the world?
(A) Where (B) What (C) Who (D) How
( A ) 5. February is shorter than of the year.
(A) any other month (B) any months (C) all months (D) all other month
( C ) 6. Snow White is girl in the story.
(A) most beautiful (B) beautiful (C) the most beautiful (D) more beautiful
( A ) 7. Playing badminton is of all the sports. I play badminton every day.
(A) the most interesting (B) most interesting
(C) more interesting (D) interesting
( D ) 8. Winter is season of a year. You need to wear more clothes when it comes.
(A) cold (B) coldest (C) colder (D) the coldest
( C ) 9. Stephen Chow is of all the actors. When I watch his movies, I feel very happy.
(A) funny (B) funniest (C) the funniest (D) funnier
( A ) 10. Ron: Hi, Hermione. Why do you look sad?
Hermione: The test this morning was very . I failed it.
(A) difficult (B) more difficult (C) most difficult (D) the difficult
( C ) 11. Koalas are the in the zoo, but people still love them very much.
(A) lazy (B) lazier (C) laziest (D) most lazy
( D ) 12. Amanda: Who is of all the actors in the TV program?
Ted: Jackie Chan. Almost everyone knows about him.
(A) famous (B) very famous (C) most famous (D) the most famous
( C ) 13. Hualien City isn’t the biggest city in Taiwan, but it is the most beautiful in Taiwan.
(A) of city (B) of all cities (C) of all the cities (D) in every city
( B ) 14. The movie is . All of my friends went to see it.
(A) the popular (B) very popular (C) most popular (D) more popular
( D ) 15. Jack: These five dogs are cute. Miranda: I like one. Can I feed it?
(A) small (B) smaller (C) smallest (D) the smallest
( B ) 16. John is than his brother because he exercises every day.
(A) healthy (B) healthier (C) healthiest (D) the healthiest
二、圈選正確的答案
1. The USA is ( big / bigger / the biggest ) than Japan.
2. The weather in Taipei is as ( bad / worse / the worst ) as in Yilan.
3. Mr. Lee has three sons. Jeremy is ( the old / the older / the oldest ) one.
4. It is ( farthest / furthest / by far ) the tallest tree in the park.
5. I bought the dress because it’s ( beautiful / more beautiful / the most beautiful ) in the shop.
not so much...as... 與其說是……倒不如說是……
英文教學遊戲
連綴動詞 seem appear keep stay remain
used to VR /be used to V-ing / be used to
關係先行詞是 one of + 複數名詞 who/which 複數動詞
too to /so that /such that/enough to 文法
感官動詞 look at /watch/see/ hear/ listen to/feel/notice/smell
high/highly/hard/hardly/late/lately 差別
How to compliment on somebody's clothes? 如何用英文稱讚別人的衣著
Own 的使用方式 of one's own /on one's own
deal 相關片語 deal with/ No big deal
Go to church VS. Go to the church 有the沒the 大不同
work in /work for /work out /work at
someday one day the order day some other day 用法
連綴動詞 become/turn/ get/ come/fall/go/grow
國中文法練習題 間接問句 too~to so~that 介係詞片語
Wh問句與BE動詞問句(1) What time how often how long how far how soon
To VR 不定詞&V-ing 動名詞文法(2018.10.12更新)
詢問如何前往某地文法 How did you get to school yesterday?
雙字片語可分式片語與不可分式片語總整理(2017.3.15更新)
頻率副詞的用法 always usually often sometimes seldom never
天氣詢問法 What's the weather like? How's the weather?
very , much , very much , only 副詞的用法
neither...nor& either..or...¬ only...but(also)...
數量詞的用法many much a few a little some any
How would you like your steak? 牛排幾分熟?