關係代名詞子句中有幾個比較特殊的句型如複合關係代名詞What=the thing(s) which
EX1.The words she said aren't true.
原句應該看成 The words {which she said }aren't true. {}為關係子句當形容詞使用
先行詞 關係受詞
整句翻成她說的話不是真的
使用複合關係代名詞即讓句子成為 What she said isn't true.
此時的what 既有先行詞+關係代名詞的功用，視為單數
EX2. I don't like the thing which he did for us. =I don't like what he did for us.
(我不喜歡他為我們所做的事)
比較間接問句
I don't know what he has done for us.(我不知道他為了我們做了什麼.)
關係副詞 when =on/in/at which where=on/in/at which
(介係詞)+關代 (介係詞)+關代
When (使用於與時間相關的先行詞) Where (使用於與地點相關的先行詞)
EX1.This is the place which I live 6).
=This is the place in which I live.
(關係子句中，關係代名詞若為受詞，則該句子的介系詞可移至關係代名詞之前)
=This is the place where i live. (in which =where 因先行詞為the place與地點相關)
練習: I like the park ________ my daughter likes to play in .
(A) which (B) what (C)in which (D) where
Ans.: A
I like the park ________ my daughter likes to play.
(A) which (B) what (C)in that (D) where
Ans.: D
(A) 改成in which (B)有先行詞the park不需要再使用複合關係代名詞
(C)關係代名詞that 前不可以有介係詞與,
EX2. I don't remember the date which we met on last year.
= I don't remember the date on which we met last year.
= I don't remember the date when we met last year.
(先行詞為時間the date 因此關係副詞使用when)
| 分詞ving | 表主動、現在進行 |
| 分詞p.p |
表被動、過去完成 |
關係子句中的關係代名詞主詞與動詞 可以省略 (who/which/that +is/動詞) 可以省略
EX1. This is the book which is on the desk.
=This is the book on the desk.(which is 可省略，此為後位修飾法為關代的省略)
EX2. I know the girl who is standing under the tree.
= I know the girl standing under the tree. (standing 當分詞片語修飾 the girl)
EX3. I like the dog which has brown hair.
= I like the dog having brown hair.
= I like the dog with brown hair. (我喜歡棕色的狗)
I like the coffee ______ well .
(A) smells (B) smelling (C) smelled (D) to smell
Ans: B
原句: I like the coffee which smells well.(此時關代which為主詞不可省略)
which smells→ smelling
(關代主詞與動詞一起省略 動詞需判斷主被動 smell為連綴動詞無被動態，因此選擇smelling)
This is the cellphone which is made in Japan.
→This is the cellphone made in Japan.
I bought the book _______ by Jimmy.
(A) written (B) writing (C) write (D) which write
Ans: A
原句: I bought the book which was written by Jimmy.
(被動為be+p.p.)
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