英文被動語態文法 @ 莓喵英文Fun

被動:當該主詞無法做出該行為時，使用被動，例如衣服無法做出洗的動作、蘋果無法做出吃的動作

因此必須使用被動語態，衣服被洗，蘋果被吃等

被動語態:Be+p.p. Be→時態與否定 p.p→該動作

1. 現在式被動: am/is/are +p.p.

主動語態: Kelly eats the apple. (kelly吃了那顆蘋果)

被動語態: The appale is eaten by Kelly. (那顆蘋果被Kely吃)

否定 : The apple isn't eaten by Kelly.

2.過去式被動: was/were +p.p.

The dog bit me. (狗咬我)

I was bitten by the dog. (我被狗咬)

3.現在進行式被動 : be+v-ing

+ be + p.p.

be +being +p.p.

主動: Tom is washing the car.

被動: The car is being washed by Tom. (車子正在被Tom 洗)

4.過去進行式被動:was+were +being +p.p.

The floor was being cleaned by Tom at ten yesterday. (昨天10點時地板正被Tom清理)

5.現在完成式被動: have/has+p.p.

+ be+p.p.

have/has +been +p.p.

His homework has been done. (他的功課已經做好了)

6.過去完成式被動: had been p.p.

The desk had been fixed when I arrived. (我到達時，桌子已經被修理好了)

7.未來式被動: will be p.p.

The car will be bought by Tom tomorrow. (明天車子將會被Tom買走)

8.情狀助動詞:

shall→should can→could will→would must

全部加上be+p.p. 助動詞後使用原型動詞，因此be動詞需使用原型

The car should be fixed.(車子應該要被修理)

The cat can be found. (貓咪可以被找到)

The traffic rule must be followed. (交通規則被須被遵守)

9.若該動作的行為人為大眾所不知，或不需要被提及之人如we.they.someone.people，則省略by+人

People built Taipei 101 in 2004.

→ Taipei 101 was built in 2004.

10.改成疑問句的被動語態

Does Tom open the door?

→ Is the door opened by Tom? do/does/did 刪除其餘依照直述句改法，最後將be動詞往前移改大寫

Can I eat the hot dog?

→ Can the hot dog be eaten by me? 有意義之助動詞需留下

11.疑問詞改被動

What should we do?

→ What should be done by us?

Who can mop the floor?

→By whom can the floor be mopped?

以下情況之動詞不可使用被動語態

1 不及物動詞或瞬間動詞無被動語態：
appear, die disappear, end (vi. 束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand ,break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
2 不能用於被動語態的及物動詞或瞬間動詞：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to