(一) 直接問句 VS. 間接問句
★ 直接問句:該句話即為一個問句,又可分為「Wh-問句」和「Yes-no問句」
- a. Wh-問句: 例: 1. What time is it? 2. Who is the tall girl?
- b. Yes-no問句:例: 1. Is Kevin a student? 2. Do you like English?
疑問詞 |
使用時機 |
疑問詞 |
使用時機 |
What |
詢問事物、姓名 |
Where |
詢問地點、場所 |
Who |
詢問人物、關係 |
Why |
詢問理由、原因 |
When |
詢問時間 |
How |
詢問狀況、方式 |
句型:Who + 一般動詞/beV . . . ? 注意: Who 與What 當主詞時,視為第三人稱單數。
問句:Who lives in Taipei city? 問句: What is in the box?
答句:Joe and Alan live in Taipei city . 答句: A book is in the box?
1. 誰放那隻狗出來?_______________________________________________________
2. 什麼在箱子裡面?_______________________________________________________
3.誰餵那隻貓_______________________________________________________
Who 當受詞補語 (句中有明確的主詞)
1.你用什麼工具修理那台腳踏車?______________________________________________
2.他喜歡誰?_______________________________________________________________
間接問句:將直接問句併入另一個句子中,此時間接問句屬於名詞子句性質,當作主要子句中動詞的受詞,間接問句句尾的標點符號,視主要子句而定。
例:1. Do you know what time it is ?
(主要子句) (從屬子句,當know的受詞)
※ 主要子句Do you know …是個問句,所以用問號。
2. I don’t remember who the tall girl is .
(主要子句) (從屬子句,當remember的受詞)
※ 主要子句I don’t remember…是個直述句,所以用句號。
(二) Wh-問句改成間接問句的句型 (課本P.55)
★當疑問詞即為該疑問句的主詞時:形成間接問句時,字序不變。
Wh-疑問詞 + 動詞…? 例:Who invented the kites? à主要子句 + Wh-疑問詞 + 動詞…? à Do you know who invented the kites? |
練:Which is better? à Do you know ________________________________________
Practice I:將下列直述句改成「直接問句」
直述句 |
直接問句(即一般問句) |
1 You are in the classroom . |
Where ________ ____________? |
2 Peter goes to school in the morning . |
When _______ Peter ______ to school? |
3 She goes to work by MRT . |
How _______ she ________ to school? |
4 Amy is mopping the floor . |
________ ________ Amy ________ ? |
5 Tom played basketball in the park . |
________ _______Peter _____ basketball? |
Practice II:將上列五個疑問句前面加入「I don't know」,使其成為間接問句
主要句子 間接問句當作動詞的受詞子句
主要句子 |
間接問句當作動詞的受詞子句 |
||
1. |
I don't know |
|
我不知道你在哪裡。 |
2. |
|
我不知道彼得何時上學去 |
|
3. |
|
我不知道她怎麼上學的。 |
|
4. |
|
我不知道艾美正在做什麼。 |
|
5. |
|
我不知道湯姆在哪裡打籃球。 |
重點二:歸納:直接問句改成間接問句的祕訣
句型:S + V + 間接問句: wh + S + V…(間接問句當作前面動詞的受詞)
1 間接問句疑問詞放前面,主詞動詞放在後
2 間接問句不必將Be動詞或助動詞do/does/did 放主詞前 (主詞和be動詞互換)
3 間接問句若有其他有意義的助動詞則須保留且放在主詞之後(主詞和助動詞互換。)
4間接問句中含助動詞do, does, did,形成間接問句時,動詞需視主詞人稱的單複數和時態作變化。
4 間接問句當作前面動詞的受詞,所以標點符號以前面主要句子做決定。
5 若原為Yes-No問句,當改成間接問句時則須加上whether 或if(是否)
Practice I:訂正句子
1. I don't know who are you.→I don't know _____________________________.
2. He wants to know where do they go? →He wants to know _______________________.
3. She likes to know what can I do. →She likes to know ___________________________.
☆以Wh-疑問詞為首的名詞片語 (課本P.61)
★「Wh-名詞片語」是由「Wh-名詞子句」簡化而來:
省略子句中的主詞和助動詞(will, can, could, should),加上to,與原形動詞形成不定詞片語。
子句:疑問詞 + 主詞 + 助動詞+ 原形動詞
片語:疑問詞 + to + 原形動詞
例:1. We don’t know where we can go. 2. Please tell us what we should do .
à We don’t know where to go. àPlease tell us what to do.
★同理,「Wh-名詞片語」要改寫成「Wh-名詞子句」,去掉to後,要加入適當的主詞和情態助動詞。
例:1. Peter forgot how to cook beef noodles. 2. Tina tells me where to find the book.
àPeter forgot how he could cook beef noodles. à Tina tels me where I can find the book.練:1.The girl didn’t know what to do.
à The girl didn’t know ____________________________________________________.
2. They can’t decide which one to choose.
à They can’t decide which one ________________________________________________.
注意:
1. what、who、which為疑問代名詞,直接當名詞片語中動詞的受詞,後面不需再加受詞。
2. how、where、when為疑問副詞,當片語中的動詞是不及物時,不加受詞,當動詞是及物時,需加受詞。
3. why不用在此名詞片語中
例:1. John couldn’t find his shoes. He didn’t know what to do. (what直接當do的受詞)
2. My bike is broken. I don’t know how to fix it. (fix為及物動詞,需接受詞)
3. I am lost. I don’t know where to go. (go為不及物動詞,不需接受詞)
練:1. What does she want? à I want to know_________________________________
練:What have you done? à Could you tell me _________________________________
★ 補充1:間接問句中,主要子句和從屬子句的時態不一定相同,回答的時態要看回答的內容是主要子句還是從屬子句來決定。
例:1. Q: Do you know when the accident happened?
A: Yes, I do. à回答主要子句(現在式),故與主要子句時態一致。
2. Q: Do you know when the accident happened?
A: It happened at 5 o’clock in the afternoon. à回答從屬子句(過去式),故與從屬子句時態一致。
綜合練習:
Part A:合併句子
1. Who will you invite to the party? / Please tell me.
2. Do you know? / How did they go to the department store?
3. I don't know. / What can I do?
4. Who closed the window? / Please tell me.
5. When did you come back from America? / Can you tell me?
6. The teacher tells us. / When should we hand in our homework?
Part B: 填空(填入適當的疑問詞)
1. Do you know _________owns this car?
2. I can’t wait to know __________ my grade is.
3. I want to know _________the boy is talking to.
4. Could you tell me _______________ you came here so early?
5. Ivy has no idea ___________she is. She needs a map.
6. Nina didn’t tell me ___________she will visit us, maybe next week.
7. Mark looks different. Do you know __________ he comes from?
8. We have no idea __________Jason pasted a piece of paper on his face yesterday.
Part C:選擇題
( ) 1. He didn't say ____________
(A) what did he buy. (B) what he bought.
(C) what did he buy? (D) What did he buy?
( ) 2. Do you know _______________________?
(A) who the girl standing there is (B) who the girl is standing there
(C) who the girl there is standing (D) who is the girl there standing
( ) 3. Tell me ______________
(A) what time is it? (B) What time it is.
(C) what time it is. (D) what is the time.
( ) 4. Tell me _______________________.
(A) you come from where (B) where do you come from
(C) where you come (D) where you come from
( ) 5. Do you know ________________?
(A) who is the man in a white coat (B) what's wrong with him
(C) who the girl is singing there (D) how old is his mother
( ) 6.Please tell me __________ do something for you.
(A) can I (B) whether I can
(C) whether can I (D) if can I
( ) 7. Do you remember ________________?
(A) when he come (B) when did he come
(B) when he came (D) when will he come
( ) 8. Tell me __________________.
(A) who did he meet yesterday (B) who did he not want to meet
(C) who he didn't want to meet (D) who didn't he want to meet
( ) 9. I don't know _________________.
(A) when will he come home (B) what he is going to do
(C) who are you talking to (D) why did he cry yesterday
( ) 10. Frank wants to know ______________.
(A) what his girlfriend likes to eat (B) what does his girlfriend like to eat
(C) how is his girlfriend (D) what his girlfriend happened
Part D:翻譯
1. 請告訴我為什麼你今天會遲到。
2. 我忘記在哪裡買了這本字典。
not so much...as... 與其說是……倒不如說是……
英文教學遊戲
連綴動詞 seem appear keep stay remain
used to VR /be used to V-ing / be used to
關係先行詞是 one of + 複數名詞 who/which 複數動詞
too to /so that /such that/enough to 文法
感官動詞 look at /watch/see/ hear/ listen to/feel/notice/smell
high/highly/hard/hardly/late/lately 差別
How to compliment on somebody's clothes? 如何用英文稱讚別人的衣著
Own 的使用方式 of one's own /on one's own
deal 相關片語 deal with/ No big deal
Go to church VS. Go to the church 有the沒the 大不同
work in /work for /work out /work at
someday one day the order day some other day 用法
連綴動詞 become/turn/ get/ come/fall/go/grow
國中文法練習題 間接問句 too~to so~that 介係詞片語
Wh問句與BE動詞問句(1) What time how often how long how far how soon
To VR 不定詞&V-ing 動名詞文法(2018.10.12更新)
詢問如何前往某地文法 How did you get to school yesterday?
雙字片語可分式片語與不可分式片語總整理(2017.3.15更新)
頻率副詞的用法 always usually often sometimes seldom never
天氣詢問法 What's the weather like? How's the weather?
very , much , very much , only 副詞的用法
neither...nor& either..or...¬ only...but(also)...
數量詞的用法many much a few a little some any
How would you like your steak? 牛排幾分熟?