1.bereave:使某人喪失(尤指親屬)bereave sb of sb an accident which bereaved him of his wife 使他喪失妻子的事故
the bereaved husband 死了妻子的男人
the bereaved 喪失親人的人
bereavement(n):喪親之痛,喪失親人
deprive:take sth away from sb;prevent sb from enjoying or using sth 剝奪sb/sth的sth;阻止某人享有或使用sth
deprive sb/sth of sth
deprive of one's civil rights 剝奪某人的公民權
deprivation(n):剝奪;貧困;被剝奪的事物
widespread deprivation 普遍貧困
Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.錯失假日是極大的損失。
deprived(adj):貧困的,窮苦的 deprived childhood 貧苦的童年
2.consecrate:devote sth/sb to or reserve sth/sb for a special (esp religious) purpose 把sth/sb 獻給sth/sb做某種(尤其宗教)用途consecrate sth/sb to sth
consecrate one's life to the service of God,to the relief of suffering 獻身於為神服務(解除世人痛苦)的事業
devote:give one's time,energy to sth/sb; dedicate 為某人付出,向某人奉獻,獻身於 devote oneself/sth to sb/sth
devoted(adj):熱愛的,非常忠實的,全心全意的 a devoted son 孝子
She is devoted to her children. 她深愛她的孩子。
devotee(n):獻身於某事物的人,熱心者,某事物的迷戀者;某一宗派的擁護者 a devotee of sport
devotion(n):devotion to sth/sb 深愛,忠心,忠誠
3.jolt:(使某人某物)顛簸著移動
The old bus jolted along 舊公共汽車顛簸而行
jolt sb into/out of sth:使某人受到震驚而採取某種行動
He was jolted out of his lethargy and into action when he realized he had only a short time to finish the article.他意識到須在很短的時間裏就得把文章寫完,立即振作精神寫起來。
joggle:使某人/某物輕輕搖動
4.sue對某人提起訴訟,控告某人sue sb for sth 控告某人要求sth
If you don't complete the work, I will sue you for damages.如果你不把工作做完,我就要控告你支付賠償。
sue for sth (常用於法庭上)請求sue for peace 請求和解
indict:(就某事)控告,起訴或告發某人indict sb for sth
He was indicted for murder.他被控殺人。
5.commemorate:keep a great person or event in people‘s memories 紀念(偉人,大事件等);指(雕像,紀念碑等)作為對某人某事的紀念
We commemorate the founding of our nation with a public holiday。我們放假一天以慶祝國慶。
This memorial commemorates those who died in the war。這座紀念碑是紀念戰爭中的犧牲者的。
celebrate:mark (a hapy or important day,event)with festivities and rejoicing 慶祝,祝賀
celebrated(adj):著名的,馳名的
6.defile:(文或修辭)make sth dirty or impure 使某物骯髒或不純
rivers defiled by pollution 受污染的河流
(特) march in single file or a narrow column 指部隊單行或縱隊前進
defilement(n):汙損,弄髒
infect:(尤用於被動語態)使某人/某物傳染,感染,污染某人/某物infect sb/sth with
The laboratory animals had been infected with the bacteria。實驗室的動物都已受到這種細菌的感染。
infection(n):~ with sth 傳染,感染 the infection of the body with bacteria 身體受細菌侵染。
7deviation:(~ from sth ) not following the normal or expected course、plan 偏離正常或原定的路線,計畫;偏差
deviation from the rules 違背規則
deviate(v):(~ from sth)偏離路線,標準;背離
deviationism(n):政治上的離經叛道
delegate:(~ sb to sth)挑選或委派某人作代表;挑選或委派某人執行;將(權利、職責)委託給下級,授權給;
delegate sb to a conference 委託某人作代表出席會議
The new manager was delegated toreorganize the department。派這位元新經理重新組織該部門。
The job had to be delegated to an assistant。這項工作得交給助手去做。
delegation(n):代表,委託
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