1、assess:(vt)確定,評定(某數額)~ sth at sth;確定,評定(某事物)的價值,估價;估計、評定某事物的品質~ sth as sth
assess the damage at NT350 評定損害賠償金為350元
have a house assessed by a valuer 由估價者給房子估價
I’d assess your chance as extremely low。我估計你成功的機會極微。
◎ assessment(n)確定,評定;評價,看法;核定的付款額
◎ assessor(n)估價員,評稅員
★ appraise:(vt)assess the value or quality of sb/sth 評價,估價,鑒定
It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised。買房子不事先估價是不明智的。
◎ appraisal(n)評價,估價,鑒定
2、chamber(n)(舊時)房間,尤指寢室;(動物體內或某些機器裏封閉的)腔,室,洞穴;行政或立法機構(用的大廳)
chamber concert 室內音樂會
★ room(n)房間,室;(pl)一套房間(通常指租的),寓所;機會,範圍,餘地~ for sth
There’s plenty of room for improvement in your work 你的工作還有很多改進的餘地
◎ roomful(a)一室所能容納的數量,一屋子的
◎ roomy(adj)寬敞的
(習語)There’s no room to swing a cat。這地方過於狹小。
3、 disdain(v)feeling that sb is not good enough 鄙視、輕視,蔑視
Treat other people’s idea with desdain。蔑視別人的意見
★ despise(vt)~ sb/sth for sth 鄙視、藐視、看不起
Strike-breakers are often despised by their workmates。破壞罷工的人常為同事所不齒
4、 espy(vt)(舊)看到某人某事物
Was it you I espied jogging in the park this morning?我今天早上看到有個人在公園裏慢跑,是你麼?
5、 gloss(n)平滑表面上的光澤或光亮;用以產生光澤的物質;(比喻)虛假的外表,虛飾
(v)~ over sth 簡略的、浮皮潦草的或敷衍的處理某事(以求避開難堪)
With this polish you can give a good high gloss to the wood。使用這種光蠟可以使木器表面非常平滑光亮
gloss paint 清漆
gloss over the awkward facts 掩飾令人尷尬的事實
◎ glossy(adj)光滑的,光亮的
★ sleek(adj)smooth and glossy 光滑而有光澤的;(貶)指人保養的很好的,腦滿腸肥的;時髦的
6、surge(v)波浪起伏,洶湧
The crowd surged into the stadium。觀眾湧入體育場。
★ rise(v)上升,達到
7、utensil(n)器皿、用具(尤指家庭日用的)
★ implement(n)工具,器具;(v)使事物生效、履行、實施
8、compassion(n)~ for sb 同情,憐憫
The plight of the refugees arouses our compassion。難民的困苦引起我們的同情
◎ compassionate(adj)表示憐憫的,有同情心的
★ sympathy(n)~ for/towards sb 同情,同情心;(pl)慰問,(感情上的)支持,贊同
Out of sympathy for the homeless children,he gave them shelter for the night。他懷著惻隱之心留那些無家可歸的孩子過夜。
You have my deepest sympathies on the death of your wife。對於令夫人的去世,謹向您表示最深切的慰問。
9、detain(vt)阻止某人離開或做某事;耽擱,延誤
She was detained in the office by unexpected callers。有些臨時訪客把她耽擱到辦公室裏了。
◎ detainee(n)被拘留者
★ retard(vt)使某物放緩或延遲;阻止某人某事物的進步和發展
retard the spark of an engine 使點火延遲
Lack of sun retards plant growth。光照不足則植物生長緩慢
◎ retarded(adj)身體或(尤指)精神發育遲緩的,智力遲鈍的
10、faction(n)(貶)組織上的小派別,派系(尤指政治上)
rival factions within the party 黨內的對立派別
★ clique(n)小集團,派系、朋黨
The club is dominated by a small clique of intellectuals。這俱樂部被知識份子小集團把持著
11、persevere(vi) ~ at/in/with sth ~ with sb (褒)堅持做某事(尤指不畏困難)
You’ll need to persevere if you want the business to succeed。要想事業成功,就要持之以恆
◎ perseverance(n)堅持不懈,持之以恆
★ persist(vi) ~ in sth 堅持,執意
He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle。他執意要騎那輛破自行車。
11、rave(vi)~ at/against/about sb 胡言亂語,說胡話,說瘋話
The patient began to rave incoherently at the nurse。病人對護士說起胡話來。
★ effervesce(vi)(指液體)釋放出氣泡,噝噝起泡了
12、slay(slew,slain)殺,殘殺(尤指敵人)
soldiers slain in battle 在戰鬥中被殺害的士兵
★ kill(vt)致死,殺死,扼殺;使某事物失敗,遭拒絕
The guard was killed with a high-powered rifle。那士兵被殺傷力大的火槍擊斃了。
13、tablet(n)藥片,藥丸;(肥皂等的)塊
Take two of the tablets three times daily after meal。每日三次,每次兩片,飯後服用
★ pill(n)藥丸
He has to take six pills a day until the recovers 他每天要福6粒藥丸直到痊癒。
14、voluptuous(adj)給人奢華或感官享受的
the voluptuous enjoyment of a hot bath 熱水浴的舒適享受
★ sensuous(adj)刺激感官的,感覺官能的
the sensuous appeal of her painting 她的畫使人賞心悅目。