莓喵英文Fun

1. But that 是從屬連接詞，意為「要不是」或「若非」，引出副詞子句。若為現在事實用現在式，後接表相反於現在的主要子句；若為過去事實則用過去式，後接表相反於過去的主要子句。

2. 與現在事實相反

But that S V, S＋should (would, could, might)＋V…

＝But for the fact that S V, S＋should (would, could, might)＋V…

＝But for N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋V…

＝Without N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋V…

＝If it were not for N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋V…

＝Were it not for N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋V…

 If it were not for global warming, we wouldn’t suffer so many disaters.

(若不是地球暖化，我們就不會招受許多災難)

事實是→現在地球暖化，我們招受許多災難

3. 與過去事實相反

But that S V-ed, S＋should (would, could, might)＋have V-en…

＝But for the fact that S V-ed, S＋should (would, could, might)＋have V-en…

＝But for N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋have V-en…

＝Without N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋have V-en…

＝If it had not been for N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋have V-en…

＝Had it not been for N, S＋should (would, could, might)＋have V-en…

But for your help, I wouldn’t have have been able to finish my work on time.

But for your help, I wouldn’t have have been able to finish my work on time.

 (若不是你的幫忙，我無法準時完成我的工作。)

→有你的幫忙，工作已經完成

If you had ridden motorcycle carefully, you wouldn’t have had the car accident.

(要是你小心地騎車，你就不會發生車禍)

事實是→你沒有小心騎車，你已經發生車禍。

句中有與現在事實相反及過去事實相反同時出現的句子

 If it had not been for the natural disaster , I could be swimming or fishing in the mountains brooks now. (要不是天災發生，我現在就能在山中小溪裡游泳或釣魚)

事實是→天災已經發生，現在沒有在山中玩。

 →此句為從屬子句與過去事實相反，主要子句主現在事實先反的句子。

 How I wish (that) natrual diaster would never happen again, so that people could live a happy and peaceful life.

 (我多麼希望天災不再發生，以至於人們可以過快樂與平靜的生活)

 →希望的事情與現在事實相反，人們也無法過快樂與平靜的生活，兩句皆為與現在式時先反。

 總結:句子沒有一定要使用過去式+過去完成式，或現在式+過去式的句型，需看說話者所說出的話，與現在或過去先反，而做時態變化。

 只要事件非事實，時態皆要往後退一個時態。

 現在事件→過去式      If I were you→我現在不是你，因此與現在事實相反，使用過去式Be動詞，were 為假設語氣中固定用法，不分人稱。

 過去事件→過去完成式  I would have helped Mary.→我過去沒有幫助Mary，與過去事實相反。

 If I were you, I would have helped Mary.

與現在事實相反

If only+主詞+過去式 意謂「但願，真希望，要是…就好了」。

If only I had another choice.(要是我有其他選擇就好了。)

If only I were rich.(要是我有錢就好了。)

與未來事實相反

If only+主詞+would+原形動詞

If only I would take a trip to Japan.(要是我能去日本旅遊就好了。)

與過去事實相反   意謂「要是…該有多好，要是…就好了」

If only+主詞+過去完成式

If only I had helpd the elder.(要是我能幫助那位老人就好了。)

It is (high/about) time (that) + S + 假設語氣V… （該是做 ~ 事的時候了）

對現在提出虛擬—例：It's time that you had a haircut. （你該理髮了。）

該是同學為即將到來的考試認真讀書的時候了。

It is high time that the students studied hard for the coming exam.

國中文法: 該….是做什麼的時候了

It’s time for N.

=It’s time for sb. to VR.

It’s time for bed.

=It’s time to go to bed.

=It’s time for you to go to bed.